Anne Finchs Poems :: Anne Finch Poetry Poem Essays

Anne Finch's Poems While other writers use their poetry to decipher the meaning of life, Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea was busy writing about how to live it. Five of her poems, â€Å"Jupiter and the Farmer,† â€Å"The Tree,† â€Å"The Shepherd Piping to the Fishes,† â€Å"Love, Death, and Reputation,† and â€Å"There’s No To-Morrow,† convey strong messages to the reader about how to live their lives. In her poetry, Anne Finch uses anecdotes to help illustrate the validity of her statements, thereby providing the reader with a strong, meaningful, and important message about how life should be lived. â€Å"Jupiter and the Farmer† tells the story of a farmer who took it upon himself to control the weather in favor of his crops: â€Å"The Frost to kill the Worm, the brooding Snow, / The filling Rains may come, and Phoebus glow† (14 – 15). In doing this, the farmer plays god himself rather than let the real god, Jupiter, control things. The farmer ends up choosing what he wanted in such a bad fashion, he ruins his crops and is â€Å"with Famine pinch’d† (24). Upon the realization of his mistake, the farmer calls upon Jupiter and promises he will no longer take fate into his own hands. He resolves to let Jupiter lead the way while he â€Å"live[s] to Reap† (30). Through this poem, Finch stresses how important fate is in everyday lives. Like the farmer, we may have a desire to try and take the reigns from destiny, but it will never end well. Finch says we should just leave our lives to fate, and everything will work out alright. In â€Å"The Tree,† the speaker talks to a tree and express thanks for its â€Å"delightful shade† (1). The speaker goes on to talk of the others who benefited from the existence of the tree and gave it something back in return, such as the birds singing, travelers praising it’s welcome shade, and nymphs making crowns from its blooms. The speaker wonders what she can do to repay the shade given her by the tree. She decides to wish something for the tree’s future. She wishes, â€Å"To future ages may’st thou stand / Untouch’d by the rash workman’s hand† (19 – 20). Ultimately, she wishes something such as â€Å"some bright hearth† (32) be made from the tree at its death.

Hamlet, The Metamorphosis, and Frankenstein Essay

Familial relations are often strained in the world of literature, especially between fathers and sons. However, these strains grow when traditional notions of fatherhood are altered or circumvented; so Hamlet has a difficult time dealing with an uncle-turn-father, and Gregor Samsa’s father is unable to truly be a parent to a gigantic cockroach. Even Victor Frankenstein is unsure how to treat his creation—as a son to care for and provide for, or as an out of control science experiment gone awry. Each of these texts shows traditional notions of father and son relationships breaking under the strain of unconventional fatherhood. Hamlet, perhaps, provides the most telling example of these strains of convention—Hamlet’s primary difficulty is his inability to be a good son to both of his fathers. To be a good son to King Hamlet means avenging his alleged murder by murdering Claudius; to be a good son to Claudius means ignoring the pleadings of his ghostly father. Prince Hamlet sees his role as son to Claudius as essentially void, due to the marriage of Claudius and Gertude being (at best) â€Å"damned incest† and, at worst, a politically-contrived accessory to the murder of the king. This is what fuels Hamlet’s odd confrontation with Gertrude—he sees his plan to murder Claudius as a way of returning the family to the way it was. Of course, Hamlet fails to freshen up what is â€Å"rotten in the state of Denmark†Ã¢â‚¬â€he merely added to the decay via the pile of bodies at the end of the play. Of these three tales, it is a morbid irony that the father/son relationship between a man and a giant cockroach of a son may, in fact, be the most conventional one. This relationship is highlighted by a kind of brutal utility—Gregor is useful to his father for as long as he is able to provide for his father. In this sense, the most profound change in the story in the eyes of the eldest Samsa is not his son into an insect, but his son changing from a provider to one who needs to be provided for. This sparks anger, outrage, and ultimately, abandonment. This brutal utility is highlighted by the end of the story, in which the family hopes to find a young man for Greta, essentially scheming to replace one provider with another. Gregor, in turn, feels his death is the best thing for the family: while dying, â€Å"he remembered his family with deep feelings of love. † Victor Frankenstein’s relationship with his creation is a mockery of traditional father/son relationships, just as Frankenstein’s actions are a mockery of God’s abilities. Victor wants his â€Å"son† to be a walking, talking example of his own genius. However, this focus on his own achievements means that he is unable to provide for his son—as he says, his focus is on â€Å"treading in the steps already marked, I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation. † His son, unable to experience the love of a woman or a father, is left to feel like he is â€Å"miserable and the abandoned† and â€Å"an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on. † The phrasing is very apt: the monster feels like he is merely the discarded and abandoned tissue that his â€Å"father† never wished to claim as a son. Three disparate tales—Hamlet, The Metamorphosis, and Frankenstein—prevent father and son relationship that are outside the bounds of normality. In this sense, the tales are normative, as they illustrate what a normal father/son relationship is by clearly exhibiting what one is not. Audiences are left to ponder whether they will treat family members differently when their family changes; whether shifting relationships means they, themselves, must change; and whether children from alternative circumstances are somehow worth any less of a parent’s love.

The Ruler Who Was Not a King - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1653 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Autobiography Essay Did you like this example? I am a conqueror, I am king, and more than that I am a ruler. A king can be can be an evil tyrant, but a ruler is respected, and expands his kingdom for the better. My name is Cyrus II known as Cyrus the Great, founder of the Achaemenid empire, and father to many. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Ruler Who Was Not a King" essay for you Create order My father is the king of Anshan, and my grandfather is the king of Media. I know that I will inherit inevitable power, and I what I saw as an embodiment of power was my Grandfather, king Astyages. Though, I loved my grandfather, I wish I knew that he would be my enemy and most unexpected rival. My goal as a ruler is to have my subjects loyalty, and it is through this loyalty that a kingdom expands. This was my grandfathers mistake, and I will make sure that it is not mine. My grandfathers betrayal which made me the respected king that I am now happened when I returned back to Anshan and was given a package of a hare, that I was told to open. I was shocked by the contents of the letter I received in inside. I was told my grandfathers servant Harpagus, which he said he has been abused terrifically, that my grandfather wanted me dead and was about to head for me, though if I march on Media, hell gather the army thats supposed to oppose me, and well fight together. I jumped for this opportunity, and headed for Media. I am a conqueror, I could not let anyone even my grandfather, threaten that, my rule of Media, I know is for the better, and it is from here where I continue my conquest and create an empire an empire. When I got there I met with Harpagus and we fought together until I get complete control of Media. Afterwards, I asked if he thought he needed anything in return, I was appalled when he said, he wanted vengeance on my grandfather for the the years of torture he put him through. I furiously told him he was foolish and wicked man, for having the desire to shed blood and go through war just on the basis of getting revenge. My philosophy is conquer what needs to beconquered for the better, affecting other people lives in a horrible manner for a personal vendetta is unforgivable. Its times like this why I later, let the jews be free, and let the babylonians be continue on with their life when I conquered them. So, I denied this offer, and kept my grandfather in seclusion, after all he put me through, hes lucky I spared him with my kindness. It was the year, 560 BCE, where I finally united the persians with Media. My two homes, that I felt a disconnection two when only at one, now are bonded in unison, and can be associated as one. From here is where I am able to expand my rule over oth ers that would be later known as the Achaemenid Empire. I was resideding back in Persia, until 546 BCE, when I became faced with Croesus, king of Lydia. Ever since this war, I became to feel more sympathetic towards people, and others saw that, and it is this emotional attachment with my subjects that their loyalty is so great. Through my spies and further intelligence, I was informed Croesus was about to try and conquer the empire which I just succeeded in taking. I was not about to let my new found rule go to a waste, I immediately went to fight him on a battlefield at Pteria. The battle felt long, and lasted till morning, I knew this battle would keep going, and I knew Croesus knew too, so we both went our separate ways, knowing this was not the end. A king may sacrifice his men for a win, but I am a ruler, strategic decisions like this saves my men which later allowed others to follow me in my successful, resulted reign. We won the battle and took Croesus prisoner. Before he was executed and sentenced to death by fire, Croesus cried to someone named solon in regret, in curiosity I told them to stop, but the fire had already lit and it was too late. He then cried out to god Apollo, and a big thunder came down and water spilled down him, and he was saved. In response Croesus told me how Solon proclaimed that he would not know the meaning of true happiness, till his life ended, and I could tell that the gods agreed, upon his salvation. I soon became fond him, and it was right then and there where I finally told myself to be thankful for the life given to me, and started to see people in a different way, that made me care more. I found myself to now be a foe of Croesus and learned to care more about the people in my life, and how I affect them and myself, in order to reach full happiness. 544 BCE, is when I reached my greatest victory, and where my soul was lightened for the better. There was a massive city called Babylon. It was seen as powerful, beautiful, and great, which was something I wanted to become a part, as everyone should have the experience to be in my presence under my rule. I conquered the Babylonians with a large army, which was ready to overpower any opposition to our success. When I defeated them, I was horrified knowing of the Jews who were held captive. After the battle of Lydia, my happiness felt short associated with the enslavement of the Jews, I released them and told them to go back home to Judea, and rebuild their house of god in Jerusalem. I made some practical changes for Babylon, and with the freeing of the Jews, I knew I have done something for the better, and my success in conquering it was not in vain. This was my most greatest victory, but I know that a ruler has to gather ones loyalty before they can actually rule as a respected king. It was inevitable that there would be some defiance in my new found rule, as unlike Media and Ansan, I was related to both kingdoms, and grew up with the people, here I could be seen as a tyrant or undeserving ruler who just had a lot of power. So in defense I created a cylinder, proclaiming my rightful rule over Babylon. I came into Babylon with peace, I gave them nothing to fear of me, and my royal lineage gives me a right to rule. I did nothing wrong to Babylon, and I made it a better city as a whole, without the brutal enslavement of the Jews. I stated my rule that covers the 4 quarters of the world. My royal lineage, peaceful invasion, and tolerant ruling, made me their legitimate ruler, and it is through this cylinder, if one should have any doubt about me, this would validate my legitimacy as their rightful king. The expedition of this great city took 14 years, and it was worth all the time and effort of making it mine, as it is because of here that my name will travel across the lands. After so many years later, I could tell I was seen differently, and heard that the persians called me father, and the greeks were calling my law giver, and the long freed jews called me Anointed of the lord. I knew that I had made an impact on this world, and the people in it. I made myself a being of higher statue, I even bet the gods would respect me on the same level, I am respected just like them, by others. It was time for me to settle, and start a new destiny. I returned back to Media, where both my parents still lived, and I married my dear wife Cassandane. We have many children together. I had two sons Cambyses II, and Smerdis, and two daughters Atrystone and Roxane. I will bequeath my empire to my son Cambyses II, and make my other son Symberdis Lieutenant of Media, Armena, and CAldusia. My line is of pure royalty, and I expect my children to continue legacies that rival mine. Otherwise, my proclamation for Baylon and how my royal lineage and peaceful prosperity make me a rightful ruler, will soon be questioned. I freed the Jews, gave mercy to my grandfather, and expanded my empire to cover parts of the world. My godlike, presence, is not a quality but an evolvement. Ive given many to others, and helped them become part of an empire that will go down in history as a great one. I dont have much time, as this is where I end my story. Right now I am about to go into war. I must invade the Scythians and their king Tomyris as my settlement in Media, is not myend, my kingship needs to cover more land, though just like the babylonians i will go in with peaceful goals, I will take this city and even more people shall praise me. When I conquere, I didnt just siege cities, and put my name on it to further my reputation, what I do, iss conquer the attention of people, I make them praise me like they do their own gods. I know I will be talked about for the rest of time, and that is something the Scythians or any one will never take away from me, even when I pass. All people will talk about is the greatness and success of my rule. Long ago, Croesus told me that people will never know true happiness until they are faced with their death, but I already know what true happiness is, and it is me, Cyrus the Great, ruler and father to many.

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Organizational Culture At Our Place Of Employment

Organizational System and Impacts Organizational culture at our place of employment can promote improved patient outcomes. How we feel about ourselves, our personal investment and our relationship to our work environment are additional factors that contribute to patient satisfaction and our sense of professionalism and accomplishment (Manojlovich Ketefian, 2002). We will look at the role of our organizational structure and its impact and contribution to the issues involving Nurse A. Organizational Philosophy and Goals Our home care and hospice have a Catholic affiliation. The mission includes providing care, comfort, and healing in the home related to the talents, motivation, and accomplishment of the employees. Staff can relate†¦show more content†¦Additionally, keeping the focus of primary care nursing with few nurses involved in the patient care delivery allows for interdisciplinary care and communication that is direct, and holistic with improved quality care (Marquis Huston, 2015). Advantages of primary care in the homecare and hospice setting allow staff to meet goals and keep in alignment with the organizational mission and values. In looking to the future, Landers et al. (2016) noted that home healthcare agencies will need to be patient-centered and seamlessly connected across the care continuum with the ability to provide high-quality care for our growing vulnerable populations. Lastly, they must be technology enabled to provide improved access to care. Systems Model The organizational structure contains groups with a set hierarchy for communication and modes of decision making and authority (Marquis Huston, 2015). Our home care and hospice have multiple individual branches throughout several states along with a hospital that all fall under the umbrella of a health system. The organization is comprised of decentralized decision making, allowing each individual home care and hospice location control of the decision making in their individualized branch. Our home care and hospice utilize a matrix system model. Although there is a traditional model of a Branch Administrator, and branch Director of Nursing with all nurses providingShow MoreRelated Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Essay example612 Words   |  3 PagesOrganizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organizational behavior is defined as the study of human behavior in organizations. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to the behavioral sciences such as psychology, sociology and anthropology as well as to allied sciences. 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Severe Weather Storms Hurricanes and Tornadoes Free Essays

string(22) " the path of the eye\." A hurricane is an extremely violent tropical cyclone. The origin of the term Hurricane originates from a Mayan Storm god by the name of Hurakan. He was a Central American idol who believably caused the storms. We will write a custom essay sample on Severe Weather Storms: Hurricanes and Tornadoes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Years later, the hypothesis of someone creating angry storms has been corrected. It is known that these storms are an act of nature by God’s laws at work. The term hurricane just stuck with the weather condition. Another source states that the origin of the term was derived from a Carib term that means ‘God of Evil. The term is a Spanish word; huracn. The creation of a Hurricane begins as the heat rays from the sun hit the waters of the ocean. This causes evaporation. When it evaporates, the weather is still warm due to the temper of the heat rays. As the saying goes, â€Å"heat rises’, well, so does the moisture/evaporated water from the ocean until it’s cooled down by air pressure. Depending on the next phase of whether or not the cloud continues to grow or becomes heavily filled with moisture determines the chances of heavy rain, thunderstorms, or a tropical disaster. A tropical disaster is a thunderstorm with cyclonic circulation, which carries winds less than 20 knots’ at least 30mph wind speed. If the situation escalades towards the descriptions of a Hurricane, the NGC (National Hurricane Center) based in Miami, FL triggers its movements and watches. The seasons of watch are primarily summer and fall; due to the heated temperatures. Though these seasons are not the only times of watch, it is monitored year round. If the clouds continued to grow without any form of disturbance, or breaking up within the clouds, it is considered a tropical depression. In a tropical depression, the clouds still move over the ocean which it picks up more moisture and speed of the wind which creates a larger problem called a tropical storm. The winds are tracked at least at 39 mph. The tropical storm is officially considered a hurricane once the speed of the wind increases to 75 mph. The presenting conditions needed for a hurricane is temperature, pressure, volume, and density. If you are to combine these variables into the troposphere at the warm to high levels, you’ll have the storm. But depending on the amounts, one may be more severe or less severe than the other. Step by step, in order for a Hurricane to exist, it needs to have more than an 80 °F temperature in the ocean. This not only gives the hurricane energy, but, it makes the air much more humid due to the evaporated water. While this occurs in the air, the wind is already coming together from different directions forcing the warm air in an upward direction for cooling. These winds begin to spread outward allowing more air to be compacted. The air that has risen creates the storm clouds while the winds from the opposite direction are coming against it counterclockwise rotation, and expand the size of the clouds, which now are creating the storm. Before we consider a Hurricane to be a hurricane it goes through a series of phases of growing and maturing. We see a slight chance of a hurricane in a tropical disturbance, which is monitored. The tropical disturbance is only a thunderstorm that has a very mild cyclonic circulation. If the wind speeds during the disturbance, it increases between 23 and 39 mph. It is then classified as a tropical depression. This is considered phase 2. Phase 3 of the storm is another increasing increment of wind speeds between 40 and 73 mph, classifying the storm as a tropical storm. This is the last phase before the storm is considered a full, Hurricane with wind speeds greater than 74 miles per hour. The next procedure in this is the calculations of the hurricanes strength. The wind speed is a determining factor of the hurricane’s strength. It is based between category 1 and category 5. To determine where to place the Hurricane, we also need to know the flooding and slope of the storm. Category 1 is still intense, but it is less intense compared to category 5. Category 1’s wind speed is between 74 and 95 mph, and the storms surge (large wave of water) is 4 to 5 feet above normal. In this category, it typically is known to damage trees and mobile homes that are not mounted or tied down, and do cause some coastal flooding. Category 2 has 96 to 110 mph wind speed, surges of 6 to 8 feet, with damaging abilities of the roof, doors, windows, trees, and plants. It is also capable of damaging docks. Category 3 is 110 to 130 mph wind speed and surges of 9 to 12 feet; causing trees of various sizes to be blown down, flooding near shoreline, and also inland structural damage. Mobile homes are also destroyed in this category. In category 4, it has a winds speed of 139 to 155 mph, surge is of 13 to 18 feet, causing inland flooding of terrain, extreme doors and window damages, and extravagant damage of basements and lower level flooding near the shore. Category 5 is of wind speeds of more than 155 mph with a surge that is greater than 18 feet. This category is the strongest. Its flooding causes the lower levels of shoreline buildings to be severely damaged. The roofs during this category are completely not effective, and some major building failures occur. At this point evacuation is beyond necessary to do. The eye of the hurricane through all categories is the strongest part of the hurricane that causes the most damage. The media shows cone shaped track paths for hurricanes for the convenience of the people. It’s used to convince the people in the surrounding areas not to focus so much on the line, but more on the path of the eye. You read "Severe Weather Storms: Hurricanes and Tornadoes" in category "Papers" Hurricanes obtain their name alphabetically from the world meteorological organization. The first hurricane of the year starts with the letter A and continues on down the alphabet. The alternation of male and female names is available in the list of 21 names available for the year. Men names become in effect in 1978 because woman names were not so popular in naming deadly storms after them. There are not any names for Q, U, X, Y, and Z. If a storm is overly extreme in damages, then that name is retired and replaced with a new name, but different letter. A hurricane is similar to both a cyclone and Typhoon. The characteristics are similar, but a hurricane is stronger. A typhoon is a violent tropical cyclone that originates from the west Pacific where as the hurricanes are buy originate elsewhere. The cyclone has a low pressure and strong winds in rotation, while the hurricane is vise versa To prepare for a hurricane, you should create a checklist. On this checklist, make sure you have gathered important medical documentation, Social Security cards, birth certificates, GED/Diplomas, titles, deeds to property. Make sure you also take photos of special memories. Record a video or take photos of your property and carry that with you because this documentation will be needed for future insurance claims for damages. Designate a family member you will go to for refuge or hotel if need be. Carry extra clothing in case a shelter is where you’ll need to be residing at. Have battery stocked for the electric, because it may be out of days at a time. If you are staying on property go to the opposite side of house the storm is not doing much damage. Apply plywood if you know how to or if you can afford to have is installed prior to the hurricane season. Last but not least, if you have not yet evacuated before the storm truly does hit, stay inside. The aftermath effects of hurricanes on people in other states occur when hurricane victims begin to migrate to another state, causing economical effects; it also causes social effects and environmental effects. These are all broad effects that can go on and on in detail because if they are forced to leave where they were located and into an area with very little to no resources but now having to rely on the government. For the government, this means more money is needed by the government to support and provide for them. Which cutting out some of what the locals have would have to soon be in effect. The term tornado originated from a Spanish term ‘tronada’. It was altered into tornado around the 1620s. It was taken from a Latin term ‘tonare’, which means thunder. Tronada meant thunderstorm. A tornado is a strong wind that goes in circular motion creating a funnel shaped cloud which typically destroys everything in its path. Tornadoes are formed when sufficient instability and wind shear are both present on the lower level of the atmosphere. With the combination of the unusual instability a wind shear are combined in the atmosphere of increasingly strong winds. Between the Fujita scale and the Parson’s scale, they are both used for measuring a tornado. The Fajita scale is much more commonly used. It is more used for the intensity of a tornado while the Parson’s scale is based on the space that the tornado effects. Although in each classification of the Fajita scale things are damaged, the only difference in each classification is an approximate increase of wind speed in between 30 and 50 mph. The intensity of most tornados tends to stick between Gale and moderate which on the F-scale that is F0-F1 with wind speeds ranging between 40 – 112 mph. If ever it does get stronger, then typically, it reaches between significant and severs levels which are F2 and F3 with wind speeds ranging between 113 – 206 mph. Tornado season typically range from later April to mid August, with highs. Tornadoes generally hit the central part of the United States, such as Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, and Minnesota. Tornado season is typically in spring, summer, and part of the colder months going into winter season. A majority of the time they go the same counterclockwise direction, and without a doubt, they can and will go any other direction, but it is based on the location. Although tornados are very dangerous, a state that has the largest amount of tornadoes does not mean that it has the most injuries and deaths. Research showed from a study in 1993 of 1167 recorded tornadoes that only 16 were reported deaths. As ime goes on the 16 steadily decrease, because once reported by the National weather services of Tornado watches and warning that you have enough time to find shelter even if the tornado is actively growing above you. Another form of a tornado is called a waterspout. This is a mild tornado that occurs over water such as oceans and great lakes that carry heavy rain and thunderstorm that can still cause offshore and inland damage and injuries. Warning signs that a tornado may be appro aching is the color of the clouds, and climate outside. Rubbish or any other dirty particles flying strong outside. Another way to know if a Tornado is approaching is by the sounds of heavy water fall or strong winds. Lastly, which should be the most obvious is the funnel cloud beginning and collecting surrounding clouds. To prepare before a storm, devise a plan of shelter, if in certain situations. Do frequent drills (monthly is fine), know your city and keep a map to continue to follow the storm. Stock on batteries, invest in a NOAA weather radio with warning sounds, keep posted with the news reporting, and check with your counties emergency management center to help answer any other unanswered questions in regards to your safety during this storm. A safety procedure to follow during a tornado is mainly to find shelter. If you do not have a basement, dungeons, or any other underground shelter to seek refuge in, seek for shelter in an interior room or hall with lower floors, and position yourself under sturdy furniture. You must stay away from windows, doors, and automobiles. Don’t try to run from it in a vehicle. If you happen to be outside find a ditch and lay flat. If you are in a mobile home, it is strongly suggested that you evacuate from it. If you have any other concerns, you should contact weather emergency hotlines for your local area. A few major economic effects left after a tornado is loss of loved ones, and/or injuries not only to other, but yourself if you are there. Business slows down due to turmoil of what to do next. Government costs to repair and rebuild along with the cost to have emergency services and shelters in motion helping By creating a miniature tornado model, you slightly feel the forces against the container and watch the funnel and circular motion of the tornado. Though it is not like a real tornado, it gives an illusion of what is could possibly look like. How to cite Severe Weather Storms: Hurricanes and Tornadoes, Papers

Sociocultural Theory And Role Development - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Sociocultural Theory And Role Development. Answer: Task 1.1 As per my understanding, play is an enjoyable act that is associated with the development of cognitive skills, creativity, understanding and intellectual skills. In the play experiences, when children get engaged in playing, it imparts emotions, motivation and thinking establishing neural connections that are critical for brain functioning. The use of imitation and imagination involved during play help children to develop cognitive skills like persistence and curiosity and language acquisition through interactive play. I think play is a medium to develop creative skills fostering creativity of imagination, thought, problem solving strategies and divergent thinking ability. I believe that through the cognitive, imaginative and affective processes involved in play, children come together and support their skills for predicting and arriving at solutions that are unexpected. I believe every child has different abilities and learn in their own way. When the children are well guided, directed while following their own interests through play, they learn in the best possible way. I strongly believe that play is the foundation for the interaction with others taking them through adulthood and world. As children learn by doing and acquire knowledge through playful activities, they get motivated to learn through their desire making sense of fascinating world surrounding them. When children get engaged in learning activities, it helps to develop positive feelings and self-esteem directed towards learning. There are opportunities and exploration among the children making choices to take part in the play activities involved in discovery learning encouraging problem-solving and creativity skills. Manipulation and involvement occurs that are relevant to their life experiences when children use hands-on and concrete materials for playing. It is my personal belief that there is construction of relationships in play-based activities as a childs mind is prerequisite to complex skills of writing, reading and mathematical reasoning. Therefore, I believe that giving children the opportunity to actively manipulate, explore, discover and question can facilitate childs cognitive development. In the classroom, when children get engaged in play experiences, it supports emotional health, social skills, physical and cognitive growth I believe that in play education, when children are left to play, explore, imagine, create using senses experiencing in plays, they engage with each other. Children learn while playing that is extensive as it increases their communication, literary and imagination skills. Play work well in building their confidence encouraging writing and reading skills. Discovery, exploration and interaction of children in ones social world through play is as critical as learning process explored in the physical environment. There are immense opportunities for children to develop cooperative interactions through playing with peers. My personal philosophy behind child play is that it fosters intellectual competence. When children get actively engaged in play-based activities, it promotes their optimal overall development in every aspect of child life. My personal concern behind child play is that play develops healthy confidence, self-concept, motivation and curiosity to learn and develops ability for the establishment of cooperative relationships while playing with peers. I strongly believe that emotional and social development of the children is of paramount importance that is encouraged through play-learning hinging on emotional well-being. In addition, my philosophy also lies in the fact where play is a cognitive approach as children get actively involved in their own learning. When children are engaged in playing, it allows tutor to carry out a clinical observation helping children to get adapted to the learning environment according to their level of understanding. I also believe that play in a group encou rages communication and social skills between the peers learning through interaction with peers in a friendly learning based environment. My personal belief behind play is that it helps to foster active engagement of the children to become active members of the society supporting their emotional, social, intellectual and physical growth. Play-based learning experiences are meaningful for the children relevant to their lives as I believe that every child is unique and has his or her own learning style and temperament. When children interact with their peers, tutors, play materials and environment, they try to relate every piece of new information to their existing view in the world. These established relationships forms the basis for the childrens learning exploring and discovering more about their surrounding world. With time, these relationships become more polished and sophisticated. As per my philosophy, play activities are advantageous; however, it has certain disadvantages depending upon the type of play designed for the children. To plan and implement plays in the classroom settings is problematic being much debated. The play should be designed according to the childs interest termed as child-centred and when it is restricted; it limits a childs exploration and discovery. I strongly recommend that play should be structured so it does not expose them to risk and limits their exploration, rather helping children to enjoy and learn through pleasurable play. Task 1.2 The theories of development proposed by mid-twentieth century psychologists like Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, Lev Vygotsky and Howard Gardner are based on the experiences and observations with the children. The knowledge about these theories lays the foundation for the early child education and provides a framework for the tutors. Firstly, Eriksons Psychosocial Theory is based on the fact that development occurs throughout the life providing insights into healthy personality formation. This theory is advantageous in a way that it illustrates development in children is based on their response towards social environment. When children get actively engaged with the social environment, it develops their social skills by providing them social support and opportunity to help children come over crisis or conflict that occurs at every stage. This theory is based on the fact that when there is well-equipped capability to resolve early adulthood crisis that can be successfully reached if the adolescence crisis is resolved (Dunkel and Harbke 2017). Similarly, Piagets developmental theory is also advantageous as it has huge impact on the early childhood education suggesting that children should be taught at their developmental preparedness level. This theory has also improved the cognitive development understanding. The ability to communicate with children and methods of observing them is possible through Piaget theory (Shute and Hogan 2017). Vygotskys Sociocultural Theory is also advantageous providing solid foundation of how children learn before entering school and how knowledge is related to the concepts that they learn in school. The socio-cultural theory framework works as a foundation for the early childhood educators (ECE) in knowing how to address the learning needs of the children, what they learn and how they learn (Panhwar, Ansari and Ansari 2016). Multiple intelligences approach used in Howard Gardner theory forms the basis for the variety of differences among the children having different mental performance levels. The theory helps to recognize the different talents and abilities of children providing a theoretical foundation. This theory explains that many children are not mathematically or verbally gifted, however they hold expertise in other areas like spatial relations, music or interpersonal knowledge. The approach and assessment of learning through this theory help early childhood educators to allow wide range of children to participate in the classroom learning (Gardner 2017). Early childhood educators face challenges when they lack depth and breadth of knowledge about these developmental theories as it lays the foundation for explaining the developmental inequalities and processes that occur in children based in development definitions. The main challenge is witnessed in relation to education level of the teachers and depth and breadth of knowledge that they have regarding developmental theories. As the foundation of early childhood education is developmental theory regarding how children should learn and develop, it is important for them to understand and have good grasp of the theories guiding their teaching. They should have knowledge about these theories as it guide tutors in early education in teaching and supporting children as learners (Wood 2014). When the early childhood educators lack the knowledge of various developmental theories, it becomes challenging for the educators to treat children as unique individuals and modify the classroom that is appropriate to the developmental stage and age based on the developmental theories concepts. While implementing these developmental theories, early educators face obstacles while planning literary instruction that reflects on the childrens developmental stages integrating their personal interests and allowing them to engage in the learning process. The lack of appropriate knowledge about developmental theories poses obstacle for the educators in the implementation of developmental appropriate practices into the instruction of classroom literacy (Theobald and Busch 2016). Every child is unique and possesses different talents and has their own way of learning things. In such cases, if the educators lack knowledge about the development of a child according to age, it becomes difficult for them to interact with the children, making them engaging and enhance social communication with them. Moreover, to understand every child and help them to learn in their own way, educators need to have in-depth knowledge about the developmental theories that is suited as per the age (Wood 2014). The poor developmental theory knowledge among educators can pose challenge in designing classroom as per their learning ability. When they lack knowledge about how children learn, grow and their trajectories, the intervention efforts made by the educators might be fallout contributing to their development. The developmental outcomes like cognitive, social and emotional skills development would be disrupted when educators lack knowledge about developmental theories shaping and su pporting childs growth, literacy and development. References Dunkel, C.S. and Harbke, C., 2017. A review of measures of Eriksons stages of psychosocial development: Evidence for a general factor.Journal of Adult Development,24(1), pp.58-76. Gardner, H., 2017. Taking a multiple intelligences (MI) perspective.Behavioral and Brain Sciences,40. Panhwar, A.H., Ansari, S. and Ansari, K., 2016. Sociocultural Theory and its Role in the Development of Language Pedagogy.Advances in Language and Literary Studies,7(6), pp.183-188. Shute, R.H. and Hogan, J.D., 2017. Child and Adolescent Development. InHandbook of Australian School Psychology(pp. 65-80). Springer International Publishing. Theobald, M.A. and Busch, G.R., 2016. Key ideas, research and challenges in early childhood education and care. InUnderstanding Early Childhood Education and Care in Australia Practices and perspectives(pp. 95-120). Allen Unwin. Wood, E.A., 2014. Free choice and free play in early childhood education: Troubling the discourse.International Journal of Early Years Education,22(1), pp.4-18.